Common Science Symbols
Everyday symbols for science and maths that are not Greek letters or operators: degree °, plus-minus ±, times ×, division ÷, squared ², micro µ, fractions, primes, units, superscripts and subscripts, and the number sets ℝ, ℕ, ℤ, ℚ and ℂ.
All 33 common science symbols
About common science symbols
These are the symbols most people need when writing about measurements: the degree sign for angles and temperature, ± for uncertainty, × and ÷ for arithmetic, ² and ³ for squares and cubes, µ for micro-, and ‰ for parts per thousand. Many of them have a Windows Alt code and a Mac Option-key shortcut, listed on each symbol page. Superscript and subscript characters such as ² and ₂ are real characters, so H₂O and m² keep their formatting when you paste them into a plain-text field.
Reference: Unicode code chart: Latin-1 Supplement (U+0080–U+00FF)
Reference table
| Symbol | Name | Code | LaTeX |
|---|---|---|---|
| ° | Degree | U+00B0 | ^\circ |
| ± | Plus-Minus | U+00B1 | \pm |
| × | Multiplication | U+00D7 | \times |
| ÷ | Division | U+00F7 | \div |
| · | Middle Dot | U+00B7 | \cdot |
| ¬ | Not | U+00AC | \neg |
| ¹ | Superscript One | U+00B9 | ^1 |
| ² | Superscript Two (Squared) | U+00B2 | ^2 |
| ³ | Superscript Three (Cubed) | U+00B3 | ^3 |
| ⁰ | Superscript Zero | U+2070 | ^0 |
| ⁿ | Superscript N | U+207F | ^n |
| ⁺ | Superscript Plus | U+207A | ^+ |
| ⁻ | Superscript Minus | U+207B | ^- |
| ₂ | Subscript Two | U+2082 | _2 |
| ₃ | Subscript Three | U+2083 | _3 |
| µ | Micro | U+00B5 | \mu |
| ½ | One Half | U+00BD | \frac{1}{2} |
| ⅓ | One Third | U+2153 | \frac{1}{3} |
| ¼ | One Quarter | U+00BC | \frac{1}{4} |
| ¾ | Three Quarters | U+00BE | \frac{3}{4} |
| ‰ | Per Mille | U+2030 | \textperthousand |
| ′ | Prime | U+2032 | ^\prime |
| ″ | Double Prime | U+2033 | ^{\prime\prime} |
| ℃ | Degree Celsius | U+2103 | ^\circ\mathrm{C} |
| ℉ | Degree Fahrenheit | U+2109 | ^\circ\mathrm{F} |
| Å | Ångström | U+00C5 | \AA |
| ℏ | H-Bar (Reduced Planck Constant) | U+210F | \hbar |
| ℓ | Script L | U+2113 | \ell |
| ℝ | Real Numbers | U+211D | \mathbb{R} |
| ℕ | Natural Numbers | U+2115 | \mathbb{N} |
| ℤ | Integers | U+2124 | \mathbb{Z} |
| ℚ | Rational Numbers | U+211A | \mathbb{Q} |
| ℂ | Complex Numbers | U+2102 | \mathbb{C} |