∝

Proportional To Symbol (∝)

Copy the Proportional To symbol ∝ to your clipboard, and see its Unicode code point, HTML entity, LaTeX command and how to type it on any device.

What does ∝ mean?

∝ means β€œis proportional to”: F ∝ a means force varies in direct proportion to acceleration. Its official Unicode name is PROPORTIONAL TO.

Codes and properties

Character∝
Unicode namePROPORTIONAL TO
Code pointU+221D
Decimal8733
Unicode blockMathematical Operators
HTML entity∝ Β· ∝ Β· ∝
CSS\221D
JavaScript / JSON\u221D
Python\u221D or \N{PROPORTIONAL TO}
UTF-8 bytesE2 88 9D
LaTeX\propto

How to type ∝

  • Copy & paste: press the Copy button above, then paste ∝ anywhere β€” Word, Google Docs, email, chat or code.
  • Windows (Word, WordPad, Outlook): type 221D then press Alt+X. In any app, Win+. opens the symbol panel.
  • Mac: switch to the Unicode Hex Input keyboard, hold Option and type 221D; or press Ctrl+Cmd+Space and search β€œproportional to”.
  • Linux (GTK/IBus): press Ctrl+Shift+U, type 221d, then Space.
  • HTML: ∝ renders as ∝.
  • LaTeX: \propto in math mode (amssymb package for some symbols).

Frequently asked questions

How do I type ∝ on Windows?

In Microsoft Word type 221D and press Alt+X. In any app press Win+. to open the symbol panel, or copy ∝ from this page.

What is the HTML code for ∝?

Use ∝ or ∝ (hex) or ∝ (decimal).

What is the LaTeX command for ∝?

Use \propto in math mode.

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